ARPANET - définition. Qu'est-ce que ARPANET
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Qu'est-ce (qui) est ARPANET - définition

EARLY PACKET SWITCHING NETWORK
Arpanet; ARPAnet; Darpanet; ARPANet; DARPANET; Advanced Research Projects Agency Network; Advanced Research Project Agency Network
  • ARPANET in a broader context
  • ARPANET access points in the 1970s
  • 300px
  • ARPA network map 1973
  • First ARPANET IMP log: the first message ever sent via the ARPANET, 10:30 pm PST on 29 October 1969 (6:30 UTC on 30 October 1969). This IMP Log excerpt, kept at UCLA, describes setting up a message transmission from the UCLA SDS Sigma 7 Host computer to the SRI SDS 940 Host computer.
  • [[Internetworking]] demonstration, linking the ARPANET, [[PRNET]], and [[SATNET]] in 1977

ARPANET         
Advanced Research Projects Agency NETwork (Reference: USA, network)
Advanced Research Projects Agency Network         
<networking> (ARPANET) A pioneering longhaul {wide area network} funded by DARPA (when it was still called "ARPA"?). It became operational in 1968 and served as the basis for early networking research, as well as a central backbone during the development of the Internet. The ARPANET consisted of individual packet switching computers interconnected by leased lines. Protocols used include FTP and telnet. It has now been replaced by NSFnet. [1968 or 1969?] (1994-11-17)

Wikipédia

ARPANET

The Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET) was the first wide-area packet-switched network with distributed control and one of the first networks to implement the TCP/IP protocol suite. Both technologies became the technical foundation of the Internet. The ARPANET was established by the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) of the United States Department of Defense.

Building on the ideas of J. C. R. Licklider, Bob Taylor initiated the ARPANET project in 1966 to enable resource sharing between remote computers. Taylor appointed Larry Roberts as program manager. Roberts made the key decisions about the network design. He incorporated Donald Davies' concepts and designs for packet switching, and sought input from Paul Baran. ARPA awarded the contract to build the network to Bolt Beranek & Newman who developed the first protocol for the network. Roberts engaged Leonard Kleinrock at UCLA to develop mathematical methods for analyzing the packet network technology.

The first computers were connected in 1969 and the Network Control Protocol was implemented in 1970. The network was declared operational in 1971. Further software development enabled remote login, file transfer and email. The network expanded rapidly and operational control passed to the Defense Communications Agency in 1975.

Internetworking research in the early 1970s led by Bob Kahn at DARPA and Vint Cerf at Stanford University and later DARPA formulated the Transmission Control Program, which incorporated concepts from the French CYCLADES project. As this work progressed, a protocol was developed by which multiple separate networks could be joined into a network of networks. Version 4 of TCP/IP was installed in the ARPANET for production use in January 1983 after the Department of Defense made it standard for all military computer networking.

Access to the ARPANET was expanded in 1981, when the National Science Foundation (NSF) funded the Computer Science Network (CSNET). In the early 1980s, the NSF funded the establishment of national supercomputing centers at several universities, and provided network access and network interconnectivity with the NSFNET project in 1986. The ARPANET was formally decommissioned in 1990, after partnerships with the telecommunication and computer industry had assured private sector expansion and future commercialization of an expanded world-wide network, known as the Internet.

Exemples du corpus de texte pour ARPANET
1. It was the creation of the Pentagon‘s Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, a technology think tank that went on to develop a computer network called Arpanet.
2. The first spam message was an advertisement for Digital Equipment Corporations DEC–20 system that went out on Arpanet, the internets predecessor, to about 600 people in 1'78.
3. It was 30 years ago this Saturday that users of Arpanet, a U.S. government–designed precursor to the Internet, logged onto their accounts to find what is considered the first piece of unsolicited commercial e–mail ever sent.
4. DARPA SCHEMES Arpanet information processing system – a precursor to the internet Self Healing Minefield – the mines reconfigure themselves to fill gaps when one or more are stepped on Brain Interface Programme to wire soldiers directly into their machines Mechanical Elephant to penetrate dense Vietnam War jungle.
5. By Philippe Naughton, Times Online Vinton Cerf (AP Photo/Kevin Wolf) Google, the ever–ambitious search group, has hired one of the founding fathers of the internet as its "Chief Internet Evangelist". Vinton Cerf, 62, was one of the group that created the internet‘s predecessor, the Arpanet, and then co–developed the basic TCP–IP protocols that allowed remote networks to connect with each other.